Charles Geddes, AAFC Lethbridge, studied the critical period for weed seed control (CPWSC) for seven common weeds. Early removal of weed competition is essential to maximize crop yield potential. But what about weed removal to eliminate weed seed set? That window is different. Based on the Geddes study results, what is the average critical period for wild oat weed seed control?

Boyd Mori, University of Alberta researcher, looked at flea beetle tolerance to neonicotinoid seed treatments. Researchers concluded that __________ seem more tolerant of the neonicotinoid seed treatments. (Fill in the blank.)

Derek Peak, University of Saskatchewan researcher, tested Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) for its ability to provide quick and reliable soil analysis. Which two (select two) of the following were reliably predicted?